
Your salary gets credited in Dubai. Your investments grow in India. Your rental property sits in Mumbai.
And somewhere between these three countries, you're wondering: "Am I paying tax twice on the same income?"
You've heard about the Tax Residency Certificate (TRC) from colleagues. Someone mentioned it saves taxes. Another friend said it's essential for claiming treaty benefits. But nobody explained what it actually means for you.
At Belong, we've helped thousands of NRIs navigate cross-border taxation. We've seen how a simple TRC can save lakhs in taxes annually, how it protects your Indian investments from double taxation, and why getting it right matters more than ever in 2025.
This guide answers every question you have about the UAE Tax Residency Certificate.TRC is no longer optional. It's essential!
Let's break it down.
What Exactly Is a Tax Residency Certificate?
A Tax Residency Certificate (TRC) is a legal document that verifies your residency status within a country for tax purposes. Think of it as official proof from the UAE government that says: "Yes, this person is a tax resident here."
But here's where it gets interesting for NRIs.
The UAE Federal Tax Authority (FTA) issues TRCs to confirm your tax residency status, enabling you to claim benefits under Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements (DTAAs) between the UAE and other countries. (ClearTax)
In practical terms, what does this mean for you?
Let's say you earn rental income of AED 50,000 (approximately ₹11.5 lakhs) from your property in Mumbai. Without a TRC, India will tax this at 30% - that's ₹3.45 lakhs gone.
With a UAE TRC and proper India-UAE DTAA claims, you establish yourself as a UAE tax resident. This changes how different income streams are taxed, potentially saving you thousands.
The TRC isn't just a piece of paper. It's a financial tool that, when used correctly, protects your money from being taxed twice on the same income in two different countries.
Why NRIs in UAE Need This Certificate More Than Ever
The UAE has always been attractive for its tax-free salary environment. But if you're maintaining financial ties with India - and most NRIs are - that's where taxation gets complex.
Here's the challenge: India has signed DTAAs with over 90+ countries, including the UAE, to prevent individuals from being taxed twice on the same income But to claim these benefits, you need proof of where you're actually tax resident. That proof is your TRC.
Without a TRC, here's what happens:
Your rental income from India gets taxed at standard rates in India (30% for non-residents) with no relief.
Interest from Indian bank accounts faces 30% TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) instead of reduced treaty rates.
When you sell property in India, capital gains tax applies at full rates without treaty benefits.
Dividend income from Indian companies gets taxed without considering your UAE residency.
With a TRC and proper documentation:
Under the India-UAE DTAA, interest income is taxed at a reduced rate of 12.5% instead of the standard 30% rate, . Dividends and royalties face a reduced tax rate of 10%.
Your salary earned in UAE remains tax-free in India (if you qualify as NRI under Indian tax laws).
Capital gains treatment becomes more favorable depending on the asset type.
You establish clear tax residency, avoiding ambiguity that could lead to claims from both countries.
At Belong, we've seen NRIs save ₹2-5 lakhs annually just by properly documenting their UAE tax residency and claiming DTAA benefits on their Indian income sources. The TRC is the foundation of this strategy.
👉 Tip: Use our Residential Status Calculator to first determine your Indian tax status before applying for UAE TRC. Your residential status in India impacts which DTAA benefits you can claim.
Understanding the India-UAE Double Taxation Agreement
Before diving into how to get your TRC, you need to understand why you're getting it. The India-UAE DTAA is the reason this certificate holds so much value.
The DTAA treaty between India and UAE was signed in 1992 and came into force on September 22, 1993.. The agreement prevents corporations and individuals from paying income tax, wealth tax, and surtax twice, especially if they are already taxed in one country.
Here's how it works in practice:
Salary Income
For NRIs employed in the UAE, salary income is taxable within the UAE alone if the employee is in the UAE for over 183 days during a financial year. Since the UAE does not impose personal income tax currently, salary earned in UAE is effectively tax-free.
This is huge. Your AED 30,000 monthly salary (approximately ₹6.9 lakhs) stays entirely with you - no income tax in UAE, and properly documented as a non-resident, no tax in India either.
Rental Income from Indian Property
According to the DTAA provisions, income by way of letting out immovable property shall be taxed in the country where such property is located.
This means your Mumbai rental income will be taxed in India. But with proper TRC documentation, you can claim foreign tax credits and potentially optimize your overall tax liability.
Want to understand this better? Read our detailed guide on how NRIs should handle rental income taxation.
Interest Income
According to the India-UAE DTAA, TDS is levied on interest income at a rate of 12.5%, instead of the standard 30% rate for non-residents.
If you have ₹50 lakhs in an Indian fixed deposit earning 7% interest (₹3.5 lakhs annually), here's the math:
- Without TRC & DTAA claim: ₹1,05,000 deducted as TDS (30%)
- With TRC & DTAA claim: ₹43,750 deducted as TDS (12.5%)
- Your savings: ₹61,250 annually
Over 10 years, that's ₹6.12 lakhs saved simply by having the right documentation.
Also Read -DTAA for NRI Bank Interest: Can You Avoid 30% TDS Legally
Capital Gains
Under the Article 13 of India-UAE DTAA, India taxes capital gains on shares of Indian companies.
The UAE has no capital gains tax! Gains are taxed in India at NRI rates:
20% for Short-term capital gains (STCG) on listed equity shares (STT-paid),
12.5% for Long-term capital gains (LTCG, above ₹1.25 lakh exemption).
The TRC helps confirm UAE residency to avoid any conflicting claims and claim relief where applicable, but does not exempt the tax in India (India-UAE DTAA)
Let's say you sell Indian stocks and make ₹10 lakhs in short-term capital gains. As a UAE tax resident with proper TRC:
This is where proper documentation becomes critical. Without a TRC, both countries might try to tax the same gain, or India will certainly tax it at full rates.
For a comprehensive understanding, read our guide on NRI capital gains tax in India.
Note: Article 13 of the India-UAE DTAA explains how capital gains (profits from selling things like shares or property) are taxed:
Immovable Property (like land or buildings): If you sell property in India, India can tax the profit (para 1).
Business Property (Permanent Establishment): If you sell movable property (like equipment) used in a business you run in India, India can tax the profit (para 2).
Shares of a Property-Heavy Company: If you sell shares of a company whose main assets are immovable property in India, India can tax the profit (para 3).
Other Shares in an Indian Company: If you sell shares of a company registered in India, India can tax the profit (para 4).
Other Property: For any other property (not covered above), only the country where you live (the UAE, if you’re a UAE tax resident) can tax the profit (para 5).
Also Read -DTAA and Capital Gains Tax: The Confusing Bits Explained
Dividend Income
Dividends received by UAE residents from Indian companies are taxed in India at 10%, down from the normal dividend tax rate.
If you hold shares in Indian companies and receive ₹2 lakhs in annual dividends, proper TRC documentation ensures you pay 10% (₹20,000) instead of potentially higher rates.(source)
👉 Tip: Keep all your TRC documentation, DTAA claims, and tax filings organized. At Belong, we recommend maintaining a dedicated folder with copies of your TRC, Form 10F, and all supporting documents for NRI tax filing. These documents work together.
Also Read - Taxation Guide on Mutual Funds for NRIs
Who Qualifies for a UAE Tax Residency Certificate?
Now that you understand why you need a TRC, let's talk about eligibility. This is where many NRIs get confused because the rules are specific and recently updated.
Option 1: The 183-Day Rule (The Clearest Path)
You must have been physically present in the UAE for 183 days or more within any 12 consecutive months.
This is straightforward. If you live and work in Dubai, spending most of the year here, you easily qualify.
Important clarification:Any day, or part day, however brief, that an individual was present in the UAE will be counted as a full day. The days do not need to be consecutive.
So if you arrived in UAE on June 15th at 11:30 PM, that counts as a full day. If you left on December 20th at 6:00 AM, that's also a full day.
What you'll need to prove:
- Entry and exit reports from Federal Authority of Identity and Citizenship
- Valid UAE residence visa
- Emirates ID
For most NRIs working full-time in UAE, this is the easiest criterion to meet.
Option 2: The 90-182 Day Rule (With Additional Conditions)
You have been physically present in UAE for more than 90 days in the last 12 months but also fulfilled additional conditions: work or conduct business in UAE, or have a permanent place of residence in UAE.
This option helps those who travel frequently but maintain strong ties to UAE.
What you need:
- 90+ days physical presence in UAE
- AND either:
- A valid employment in UAE (salary certificate required), OR
- Business operations in UAE (trade license required), OR
- Permanent residence in UAE (property ownership or long-term tenancy)
Proof of permanent place of residence includes title deed or certified tenancy contract (EJARI) or other long-term rental contract.Utility bills are also helpful.
Real-world example: Rajesh works for a global company and splits time between Dubai (120 days), Mumbai (180 days), and Singapore (65 days).
He has a 2-year tenancy contract in Dubai and his UAE employment contract. He qualifies for UAE TRC under the 90-day rule because he has both 90+ days presence AND permanent employment in UAE.
Also Read - Residential Status Under Section 6 Of Income Tax Act
Option 3: Primary Place of Residence and Center of Financial Interests
UAE shall be the state where personal and economic interests are the closest or of the greatest significance to the individual.
This is more subjective but works for some NRIs.
Factors considered:
- Where is your family based?
- Where are your main bank accounts?
- Where do you conduct business?
- Where is your permanent home?
- Where are your social and cultural activities centered?
Occupation, familial and social relations, cultural or other activities, place of business, place from which property is administered, and any other relevant facts should be considered.This option requires more documentation and proof of genuine ties to UAE.
👉 Tip: If you're border-line on the 183-day requirement, start tracking your travel meticulously. We recommend using a simple spreadsheet or the Compliance Compass tool to ensure you meet all requirements before applying.
Types of TRC: Domestic vs Treaty Purposes
Not all TRCs are created equal. The UAE issues different types depending on your purpose.
TRC for Treaty Purposes (What Most NRIs Need)
This specific type of TRC is crucial for claiming benefits under DTAAs that the UAE has signed with other countries to avoid double taxationIt proves your tax residency in UAE for international transactions.
When you need this:
- Claiming reduced tax rates under India-UAE DTAA
- Avoiding double taxation on income from India
- Proving UAE residency to Indian tax authorities
- Filing Form 10F with your Indian tax return
This is the TRC we're focusing on in this guide because it directly impacts your Indian income taxation.
TRC for Domestic Purposes
This certificate is primarily used within the UAE for various local purposes, but doesn't directly relate to international tax treaties.
When you might need this:
- Local UAE legal requirements
- Certain business registrations within UAE
- Domestic compliance matters
For most NRIs concerned about Indian taxation, the treaty-purpose TRC is what matters.
TRC for Government Entities
This is specifically for government and government-controlled entities and generally not relevant for individual NRIs.
Understanding which type you need is crucial because the application process and documentation differ slightly.
Documents Required for UAE TRC Application
Let's get practical. What documents do you actually need to prepare?
The good news: In October 2024, the FTA released updated guidance stating that bank statements are no longer required for TRC applications,This simplifies things significantly. (KPMG's latest guide)
For Individuals Applying Under Treaty Purposes (India-UAE DTAA)
Mandatory documents:
1. Emirates ID (both sides, valid copy)
2. Valid UAE Residence Visa (copy from passport)
3. Passport with entry and exit stamps
4. Entry and Exit Report from Federal Authority of Identity and Citizenship
- This is crucial - it proves your physical presence days
- You can request this online through ICP or FAIC portals
- Individuals must present an entry and exit report confirming the number of days spent in UAE.
5. Proof of Residency in UAE:
- Title deed, certified tenancy contract (EJARI), or long-term rental contract
- If renting, ensure EJARI registration is current
- If you own property, title deed copy
6. Proof of Income/Employment:
- Salary certificate or proof of permanent source of income or other proof of carrying on business in UAE.
- Recent salary certificate from employer (dated within last 3 months)
- If self-employed: trade license copy
Additional Documents for 90-182 Day Applicants
If you're applying under the 90-day rule (not 183+ days), you need additional proof of genuine UAE ties:
Employment proof:
- Detailed employment contract
- Recent salary slips (last 3-6 months)
- Labor card copy
OR Business proof:
- Valid trade license
- Memorandum of association
- Proof of active business operations
Residence proof:
- Utility bills showing your name and UAE address
- Municipality registration documents
- Long-term tenancy agreements (minimum 1 year)
What's Changed?
significant changes include: bank statements are no longer a requirement for TRC applications. The TRC can now be applied for during the tax period (previously only after completion).
This is huge. Previously, you had to wait until the financial year ended to apply. Now, for natural persons, applications can be submitted as soon as the criteria to be tax resident is met under Domestic Law or under a Double Tax Agreement,(KPMG).
What this means practically:
- You crossed 183 days on October 15th, 2025? Apply immediately.
- No need to wait until March 31st, 2026 to apply.
- Get your TRC faster and start claiming treaty benefits sooner.
👉 Tip: Get your entry-exit report before starting the application. This document takes a few days to process, and you'll need exact numbers for your application. The Federal Authority of Identity and Citizenship provides this through their online portal.
Step-by-Step Application Process for UAE TRC
The application is fully digital through the EmaraTax portal. Here's exactly how to do it.
Step 1: Prepare Your Documents
Before logging into the portal, have digital copies (clear scans or photos) of all documents listed above. Save them as PDFs, each under 5MB.
Create a checklist and verify each document:
- Emirates ID (front and back)
- Passport (bio page + visa page)
- Entry-exit report (requested from FAIC)
- Tenancy contract or title deed (EJARI registered)
- Salary certificate (dated within 3 months)
- Any additional supporting documents
Step 2: Access the EmaraTax Portal
Visit the EmaraTax portal, log in or create an account, and navigate to the "Tax Residency Certificate" section under "eServices,".
Portal link: https://tax.gov.ae
Creating an account:
- You'll need your Emirates ID number
- UAE mobile number for OTP verification
- Valid email address
If you previously applied for any FTA services, your account already exists. Use the "Forgot Password" option if needed.
Step 3: Select Certificate Type and Purpose
Select "Tax Residency Certificate" as the type. If you own a TRN (Tax Registration Number), choose your existing one. If you don't have a TRN, select "I don't have a TRN." (Corporate Tax UAE application guide)
Choose certificate type:
- Select "Treaty Purposes" (for claiming India-UAE DTAA benefits)
- Select the financial year you're applying for
- Choose "India" as the country where you need to claim treaty benefits
Step 4: Fill in the Application Form
The form has three main sections:
Section 1: Personal Details
- Full name (exactly as in passport)
- Passport number and nationality
- Emirates ID number
- UAE address (must match tenancy contract)
- Contact information
Section 2: Residency Information
- Select the qualification basis (183-day rule, 90-day rule, or primary residence)
- Enter exact number of days in UAE (from entry-exit report)
- Specify the 12-month period being claimed
- Upload supporting documents for physical presence
A common mistake is incorrectly filling out the self-certification form. Be sure to accurately list the days spent in UAE and avoid leaving any sections blank or providing vague information.
Section 3: Financial Information
- Source of income (employment, business, investments)
- Employer details or business license information
- Proof of financial ties to UAE
Step 5: Upload Documents
Upload each document in the designated section:
- Ensure files are clear and readable
- Check file sizes (under 5MB each)
- PDFs are preferred over images
- Name files clearly (e.g., "Emirates_ID_Front.pdf")
Missing documents are a common pitfall.If you forget to include proof of address, Emirates ID, or required financial statements, your application may be delayed or rejected.
Step 6: Review and Submit
Before clicking submit:
- Review all information for accuracy
- Double-check dates and numbers
- Verify all documents are uploaded
- Ensure no sections are incomplete
Once satisfied, submit the application. You'll receive an acknowledgment receipt with a reference number. Save this number.
Step 7: Payment of Fees
Certificate costs include: application fee of AED 50, certificate issuance fee for tax registrants of AED 500, and for non-tax registrants AED 1,000.
Fee structure:
- Application submission fee: AED 50 (non-refundable)
- Certificate issuance:
- If you're VAT/CT registered: AED 500
- If you're not registered: AED 1,000
- Optional printed certificate: AED 250 extra
Payment methods:
- Online banking
- Credit/debit cards
- Apple Pay / Google Pay
Payment must be made within 30 business days after approval.
Step 8: Processing and Approval
The FTA typically processes TRC applications within 5-10 business days, provided all documents are accurate.
During processing:
- FTA may request additional documents
- You'll receive requests via registered email
- Respond promptly to avoid delays
Forms that prove mistaken and incomplete are rejected. Management can also request extra data regarding any attribute before making a reliable judgment.(Accountax UAE)
Step 9: Download Your Certificate
Once approved and payment cleared:
- Log back into EmaraTax portal
- Navigate to "My Applications" or "Certificates"
- Download your TRC as a PDF
- Save multiple copies (local, cloud, email to yourself)
The digital certificate is sufficient for most purposes. Printed certificates are optional with an additional AED 250 per copy.
Certificate validity: One year from date of issue. You'll need to renew annually.
👉 Tip: Complete your application well before you need the certificate. If you're planning to file Indian taxes in July, apply for TRC in May. This gives you buffer time for any document requests or processing delays.
Common Scenarios: How TRC Helps Different NRI Situations
Let's look at real-world examples of how the TRC impacts various NRI financial situations.
Scenario 1: Salaried NRI with Rental Income in India
Profile:
- Works in Dubai, earning AED 25,000 monthly
- Owns a flat in Bangalore, rental income ₹40,000/month (₹4.8 lakhs/year)
- Spends 200+ days in UAE annually
Without TRC:
- Rental income taxed in India at 30%: ₹1.44 lakhs in taxes
- No treaty benefits claimed
- Potentially required to file and pay advance tax in India
With TRC and proper DTAA claim:
- Rental income still taxed in India (property location rule)
- But can claim foreign tax credit in UAE (though UAE doesn't currently have personal income tax)
- Establishes clear NRI status, potentially qualifying for NRI fixed deposits which offer better rates
- Clearer documentation for NRI tax filing
Scenario 2: NRI with Stock Investments in India
Profile:
- Lives in Dubai since 2018
- Active investor in Indian stocks
- Makes ₹3 lakhs in long-term capital gains selling Indian shares
Without TRC:
- India may tax these gains at applicable rates
- Ambiguity about residential status complicates tax filing
With TRC: India taxes capital gains on shares of Indian companies.
The UAE has no capital gains tax! Gains are taxed in India.
20% for Short-term capital gains (STCG) on listed equity shares (STT-paid),
12.5% for Long-term capital gains (LTCG, above ₹1.25 lakh exemption).
This is where proper documentation becomes critical. Without a TRC, both countries might try to tax the same gain, or India will certainly tax it at full rates. So have:
- Clear documentation of UAE tax residency
- Can potentially claim exemption under DTAA
- Simplified tax compliance
- Learn more about NRI investments in Indian stock markets
Scenario 3: NRI Running Business in Both Countries
Profile:
- Consultant with clients in India and UAE
- Business income: AED 180,000 from UAE, ₹15 lakhs from India
- Spends 190 days in UAE, 170 days in India
Challenge: Both countries might claim tax residency.
Tax residency conflicts arise when two countries both assert tax residency. The OECD tie-breaker rules apply, following a set order: permanent home, closer personal and economic ties, usual residence, then nationality.
With UAE TRC:
- Establishes UAE as primary tax residence
- Business income from UAE clients: No tax in UAE currently, clearer documentation for India
- Business income from India clients: Taxed in India, but with DTAA benefits
- Helps resolve conflicts using tie-breaker rules
Scenario 4: NRI with Fixed Deposits in Both Countries
Profile:
- ₹1 crore in Indian FDs earning 7% (₹7 lakhs interest)
- AED 100,000 in UAE savings (minimal interest)
Without TRC:
- Indian FD interest faces 30% TDS: ₹2.1 lakhs deducted
With TRC:
- Interest rate reduced to 12.5% under DTAA ₹87,500 TDS
- Savings: ₹1,12,500 annually
- This saving alone covers TRC costs multiple times over
At Belong, we often recommend NRIs consider GIFT City USD fixed deposits as an alternative that offers tax-free returns and protects against rupee depreciation.
Combined with proper TRC documentation, it creates a powerful wealth-building strategy.
Check our FD rates comparison tool to see how different options stack up.
Scenario 5: NRI Planning to Return to India
Profile:
- Working in Dubai for 5 years
- Planning to return to India in 2 years
- Wants to optimize taxes during remaining UAE tenure
Strategy with TRC:
- Clearly documents UAE tax residency for remaining period
- Plans Indian income accumulation strategy
- Times property sales and major transactions to optimize tax treatment
- Uses the transition period smartly (learn about RNOR status which can help)
When returning to India, understand how to convert your NRI account to resident account and plan your financial transition properly.
👉 Tip: Your TRC is valid for one year from issue date, not the financial year it covers. If you get TRC in November 2025 for FY 2024-25, it's valid until November 2026. Plan renewals accordingly to avoid gaps in coverage.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Applying for TRC
After helping thousands of NRIs with their financial documentation, we've seen these mistakes repeatedly. Avoid them to ensure smooth processing.
Mistake 1: Not Tracking Days Accurately
A common mistake is incorrectly filling out the self-certification form. Accurately list the days spent in UAE and avoid leaving any sections blank or providing vague information.
The fix:
- Maintain a simple spreadsheet with all UAE entry/exit dates
- Don't rely on memory - check passport stamps
- Request your official entry-exit report before applying
- Count partial days as full days
Mistake 2: Mismatched Addresses Across Documents
The problem: Your Emirates ID shows one address, tenancy contract shows another, salary certificate shows a third.
Why it causes rejection: Incomplete or mismatched documents, such as lease agreements not under the applicant's name or outdated information, often lead to rejections.
The fix:
- Ensure all documents show the same current address
- Update Emirates ID address if you've moved
- Get fresh salary certificate if address changed
- Ensure EJARI is in your name (not company or someone else)
Mistake 3: Applying Too Early or Too Late
Too early: Applying before meeting the 183-day threshold Too late: Applying after leaving UAE or after the financial year is long past
The fix:
- Applications for natural persons can be submitted as soon as the criteria is met
- Wait until you cross the 183-day mark (or 90 days with additional criteria)
- Don't wait years - apply within the relevant financial year or shortly after
Mistake 4: Incomplete Financial Documentation
Missing documents are a common pitfall.Missing proof of address, Emirates ID, or required financial statements can delay or lead to rejection.
Common issues:
- Salary certificate older than 3 months
- No proof of employment or business
- Trade license expired
- No evidence of financial ties to UAE
The fix:
- Request fresh documents from your employer/sponsors
- Renew licenses before applying
- Provide multiple forms of proof when possible
- Keep digital copies of all financial documents
Mistake 5: Confusing UAE Residency with Tax Residency
Many international residents in UAE assume that by being resident in the country, they automatically have tax residency. It's a common mistake. A residence visa allows you to live and work here, but that doesn't mean you meet criteria for tax residency under UAE law.
The difference:
- UAE Residence Visa: Legal permission to live in UAE
- Tax Residency: Meeting specific day count or connection criteria
Having a visa doesn't automatically make you tax resident. You must meet the 183-day rule (or other criteria) and obtain the TRC certificate.
Mistake 6: Not Coordinating with Indian Tax Filing
Getting UAE TRC is only half the battle. You need to use it correctly in your Indian tax filing.
What many NRIs miss:
- Not filing Form 10F along with Indian ITR
- Not submitting TRC copy to Indian deductors (for reducing TDS)
- Not claiming foreign tax credit properly
- Missing deadlines for NRI tax return filing
Read our detailed guide on common NRI tax filing mistakes to avoid these issues.
Mistake 7: Letting the Certificate Expire Without Renewal
The certificate is valid for one year. Start renewal 45 days before expiry to allow time for processing.(TaxReady UAE)
What happens if it expires:
- Gap in tax residency proof
- Deductors in India may revert to higher TDS rates
- Difficulty claiming treaty benefits for that period
- Need to reapply from scratch
The fix:
- Set a calendar reminder 60 days before expiry
- Prepare renewal documents early
- Renewal requires fresh entry/exit reports, updated employment or business documents, and renewed Emirates ID.
Mistake 8: DIY When Professional Help Is Needed
Tax laws are tricky! Common DIY disasters can be avoided by consulting professionals.
When to get expert help:
- Complex income sources (business, multiple properties, international investments)
- Split residency between multiple countries
- Tie-breaker situations (living in two countries nearly equally)
- Corporate tax compliance alongside personal TRC
- Uncertainty about eligibility
At Belong, we focus on helping NRIs make smarter financial decisions. While we don't directly handle TRC applications, understanding how it fits into your broader financial picture is something we help with constantly. Questions about residential status, NRI taxation, and how to structure your investments across borders - that's where we can guide you.
👉 Tip: Create a "Tax Documents" folder on Google Drive or similar cloud storage. Keep your TRC, entry-exit reports, Forms 10F, ITRs, and all supporting documents here. You'll thank yourself during tax filing season and if FTA requests additional documentation.
Recent Changes in UAE Tax Residency Rules
Tax laws evolve. Staying updated matters. Here are the key changes that impact NRIs.
October 2024 FTA Guidelines Update
In October 2024, the FTA released a tax procedures guide providing general guidance on UAE Tax Resident and Tax Residency Rules.(KPMG).
Major changes:
- Application Timing: TRC can now be applied during the tax period (previously only possible after completion).For natural persons, applications can be submitted as soon as the criteria to be tax resident is met.
This is game-changing. You don't have to wait until year-end anymore.
- Bank Statements No Longer Required: Bank statements are no longer a requirement for TRC applications.
This simplifies documentation significantly and addresses privacy concerns many NRIs had.
- Clearer Guidance on Day Counting: Any day or part day, however brief, that an individual was present in UAE will be counted as a full day.Days don't need to be consecutive. (EY)
This helps those with frequent short trips outside UAE.
- Updated Document Requirements: Natural persons under domestic law need proof of employment or business, proof of permanent residence, and proof of financial or personal interest in UAE in addition to standard documents
UAE Corporate Tax Introduction (2023)
The UAE introduced a 9% corporate tax in 2023
What this means for individuals:
- Personal income remains tax-free in UAE (as of 2025)
- Business owners/freelancers may face corporate tax on business profits
- TRC becomes even more important for distinguishing between personal and business income
OECD Global Standards Compliance
The UAE joined the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes. Member countries are evaluated through a Peer Review Process. (UAE Ministry of Finance)
Impact on NRIs:
- Increased scrutiny on tax residency claims
- Better information exchange between UAE and India
- More important to have legitimate, well-documented tax residency
- Higher consequences for attempting to abuse treaty benefits
India-UAE Relations and Enforcement
Both countries are cracking down on unclear tax residency situations. Cases of double taxation, treaty denial, and reclassification are becoming more frequent since 2023.
What this means:
- Both countries are checking residency claims more carefully
- Simply having a TRC isn't enough - you need genuine ties to UAE
- India's Income Tax Department is requesting more supporting documentation
- Tie-breaker rules are being applied more strictly
Read our comprehensive guide on India-UAE DTAA to understand all the nuances of how the treaty works in practice.
👉 Tip: Join our WhatsApp Community where we share updates on tax law changes, compliance reminders, and practical tips from other NRIs who've been through the TRC process. It's free, and you'll learn from real experiences.
How to Use Your TRC: Claiming DTAA Benefits in India
Getting your TRC is just the first step. Using it correctly to reduce your Indian tax burden is where the real benefit lies.
Filing Form 10F in India
When you file your Indian income tax return, you must submit Form 10F along with your TRC if you're claiming DTAA benefits.
What is Form 10F? It's a self-declaration form where you provide:
- Details of your country of tax residency (UAE)
- Tax residency certificate number
- Period covered
- Tax identification number (if applicable)
How to file:
- Download Form 10F from Income Tax portal
- Fill in all details accurately
- Upload your UAE TRC as supporting document
- Submit electronically through your tax portal
- Reference the Form 10F number in your ITR
Read our step-by-step guide on filing Form 15CA and Form 15CB which often go together with Form 10F for certain transactions.
Submitting TRC to Deductors for Reduced TDS
If you earn income in India (rental, interest, professional fees), the payer usually deducts TDS at standard non-resident rates (often 30%).
How to get lower TDS rates:
- Submit your UAE TRC copy to the deductor (tenant, bank, client)
- Include a letter citing the relevant DTAA article
- Request TDS deduction at treaty rates:
- Interest: 12.5% instead of 30%
- Dividends: 10% instead of higher rates
- Others: Per treaty provisions
Example letter template:
To: [Bank/Tenant/Company Name]Subject: Request for TDS at Treaty Rates - India-UAE DTAADear Sir/Madam,I am a tax resident of UAE as evidenced by the attached Tax Residency Certificate issued by UAE Federal Tax Authority.Under the India-UAE Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement, [type of income] earned by a UAE tax resident is subject to reduced tax rate of [X%] as per Article [number] of the treaty.I request you to kindly deduct TDS at the treaty rate of [X%] instead of the standard rate while making payments to me.Attached:1. UAE Tax Residency Certificate2. Copy of Emirates ID3. PAN Card copy4. Bank account detailsThank you.
Maintaining Documentation for Indian Tax Department
If Indian tax authorities query your NRI status or DTAA claim, you'll need:
Primary documents:
- Valid UAE TRC
- Form 10F acknowledgment
- Entry-exit report from UAE (showing days spent)
- Employment letter/salary slips from UAE employer
Supporting documents:
- Lease agreement/property ownership in UAE
- Utility bills in your name
- Bank statements (Indian and UAE accounts)
- Proof of family residence (if in UAE)
- Travel documents (passport stamps, boarding passes)
Keep all of these for at least 7 years - the period during which Indian tax authorities can reopen assessments.
For a complete understanding of what NRI income is taxable in India and what isn't, read our guide on NRI income taxable in India.
Understanding Tax Residency Tie-Breakers
Sometimes both countries might claim you as tax resident. The OECD tie-breaker rules apply when two countries both assert tax residency. They follow a set order: permanent home, closer personal and economic ties, usual residence, then nationality.
How tie-breakers work in practice:
Step 1: Permanent Home Test
Do you have a permanent home available in one country or both?
- If only one: You're resident there
- If both or neither: Move to Step 2
Step 2: Center of Vital Interests
Where are your personal and economic interests the closest? Tax residency depends on where your life is based in practice, not just on paper.
Factors examined:
- Where does your family live?
- Where is your primary place of employment/business?
- Where are your main bank accounts and investments?
- Where do you have social and cultural ties?
Step 3: Habitual Abode
If still unclear, where do you usually reside? Where do you spend most of your time?
Step 4: Nationality
If everything else is equal, your nationality determines tax residency.
Your UAE TRC is critical evidence in these determinations, but it's not automatically conclusive. Without clear ties and consistent records, a visa won't carry much weight.
The Bigger Picture: TRC as Part of Your NRI Financial Strategy
At Belong, we always look at financial decisions holistically. Your TRC isn't an isolated document - it's one piece of your broader NRI financial puzzle.
How TRC Connects to Your Investment Strategy
Tax efficiency in investments:
- Your UAE tax residency impacts which investment vehicles make sense
- GIFT City AIFs become more attractive with clear tax residency
- NRI mutual fund investments benefit from proper DTAA documentation
- Capital gains planning becomes clearer with documented residency
Repatriation planning:
- Proper TRC documentation smooths fund repatriation from India
- Helps when opening NRE or NRO accounts
- Simplifies compliance when transferring large sums
Residential Status Determination
Your UAE TRC directly impacts your Indian residential status determination.
Use our Residential Status Calculator to understand:
- Are you NRI, Resident, or RNOR in India?
- What income is taxable in India for you?
- Which ITR form should you file?
- What exemptions and deductions apply?
Understanding your status is crucial before making investment decisions.
Building Wealth Across Borders
Smart NRIs optimize their finances across both countries:
In UAE:
- Tax-free salary accumulation
- USD fixed deposits in GIFT City for tax-free returns
- Business income (potentially subject to 9% corporate tax now)
In India:
- Property investments with proper NRI real estate rules compliance
- Stock market investments with DTAA protection
- Fixed deposits in best NRE accounts
Your TRC ties all of this together by clearly establishing which bucket you're in for tax purposes.
At Belong, we've built specific tools to help NRIs like you:
Compare investment options: Use our NRI FD Rates Comparison Tool to see rates across NRE, NRO, FCNR, and GIFT City FDs at a glance.
Track compliance: Our Compliance Compass helps you stay on top of all banking, investment, and taxation rules as an NRI.
Monitor currency: The Rupee vs Dollar Tracker helps you understand currency trends - crucial when deciding between INR and USD investments.
Explore GIFT City: Learn about GIFT City Alternative Investment Funds which offer unique benefits for NRIs with UAE tax residency.
Planning Your Return to India
If you're planning to eventually return to India, your TRC strategy needs to consider this timeline.
Years 1-3 in UAE: Maximize tax-free income accumulation and proper residency documentation
Years 4-6 in UAE: Build wealth in both currencies, use DTAA benefits fully
Year before return: Time major transactions (property sale, investment liquidation) carefully. You may qualify for RNOR status which offers certain tax benefits.
Upon return: Understand converting NRI accounts to resident accounts, plan repatriation, and optimize your transition.
Renewal Process: Keeping Your TRC Valid
Your TRC certificate is valid for one year from the date of issue. Start renewal 45 days before expiry to allow time for processing.
What Changes for Renewal
Documents that need updating:
- Fresh entry-exit report for the renewal period
- Updated Emirates ID (if it was renewed)
- New salary certificate (dated within 3 months of renewal application)
- Current tenancy contract or ownership proof
What stays the same:
- The application portal and process
- Fee structure
- Eligibility criteria
The FTA pre-populates data in EmaraTax for returning applicants, which speeds up the process.
Renewal Timeline
45 days before expiry:
- Set reminder and start gathering updated documents
- Request fresh entry-exit report from FAIC
- Get new salary certificate from employer
30 days before expiry:
- Log into EmaraTax portal
- Start renewal application
- Upload all updated documents
20 days before expiry:
- Complete submission
- Pay fees promptly
Before expiry:
- Receive renewed TRC
- Download and save
- Submit to Indian deductors if needed
Never let it lapse: A gap in TRC validity means a gap in your ability to claim treaty benefits during that period.
Taking Action: Your Next Steps
You've read through this entire guide. You understand what TRC is, why you need it, how to get it, and how it fits into your financial picture as an NRI.
Now what?
Immediate Actions (Next 7 Days)
Step 1: Determine your eligibility
- Count your UAE days for the past 12 months
- Do you have 183+ days? You clearly qualify.
- Do you have 90-182 days? Check if you meet additional criteria (employment, permanent residence)
Step 2: Assess if you need TRC
- Do you earn income from India? (rental, interest, dividends, capital gains)
- Are you paying high TDS on Indian income?
- Do you plan to invest in India while in UAE?
If yes to any, TRC will likely benefit you financially.
Step 3: Calculate potential savings Use the examples in this guide to estimate how much you'd save annually with proper DTAA claims.
Short-term Actions (Next 30 Days)
Step 1: Gather all required documents
- Request entry-exit report from FAIC (takes 3-5 days)
- Get current salary certificate from employer
- Ensure EJARI is registered and updated
- Collect Emirates ID, passport, visa copies
Step 2: Understand your Indian tax status Use our Residential Status Calculator to determine if you're NRI, Resident, or RNOR in India.
Step 3: Check your compliance Use our Compliance Compass to ensure you're meeting all necessary financial and tax rules across banking, investments, and taxation.
Medium-term Actions (Next 90 Days)
Step 1: Apply for TRC Follow the step-by-step process outlined earlier in this guide.
Step 2: Set up proper documentation systems
- Create a "Tax Documents" folder
- Set calendar reminders for TRC renewal
- Organize all financial statements
Step 3: Optimize your investment strategy Now that you have clear tax residency, explore:
- GIFT City USD fixed deposits for tax-free returns
- Best NRE fixed deposit rates for INR investments
- GIFT City AIFs for alternative investments
Compare options using our FD Rates Comparison Tool.
Long-term Strategy
Your TRC is just one piece of your NRI financial strategy. At Belong, we help NRIs see the bigger picture:
Where you earn (UAE):
- Maximize tax-free salary savings
- Build emergency funds in USD/AED
- Explore UAE-based investment opportunities
Where you invest (India + UAE):
- Use GIFT City investments for tax-efficient growth
- Balance between NRE, NRO, and FCNR accounts
- Diversify across geographies and currencies
Where you'll return (India, eventually):
- Plan repatriation strategy
- Understand RNOR benefits
- Time major transactions smartly
Your TRC ties all of this together by establishing clear tax residency, reducing double taxation, and giving you certainty about your tax obligations in both countries.
Join the Belong Community
Financial planning as an NRI doesn't have to be confusing or lonely.
At Belong, we've built tools, resources, and a community specifically for NRIs like you who want to make smarter financial decisions between UAE and India.
Access exclusive GIFT City investment opportunities, track your portfolio, and get personalized recommendations. We offer:
USD fixed deposits with up to 5%+ tax-free returns
Protection against rupee depreciation
Seamless digital KYC from UAE
Simplified repatriation when you need it
Connect with thousands of other NRIs who understand your situation. Ask questions, share experiences, and get expert advice on:
- Tax planning between UAE and India
- Investment strategies
- Compliance requirements
- Real estate in India
- Return-to-India planning
No sales pitches. Just practical advice from people who've been there.
Use Our Free Tools
All available on getbelong.com:
- NRI FD Rates Comparison
- Residential Status Calculator
- Compliance Compass
- GIFT Nifty Live Tracker
- Rupee vs Dollar Tracker
Conclusion: Your TRC Is Your Financial Passport
Getting your UAE Tax Residency Certificate isn't just about compliance. It's about taking control of your cross-border financial life.
With proper documentation, you can:
- Save thousands (or lakhs) in unnecessary double taxation
- Invest with confidence in both India and UAE
- Plan your financial future with clarity
- Protect your wealth across geographies
- Navigate the complex world of international taxation
Yes, the application process requires effort. Yes, you need to gather documents and track your days carefully. Yes, you'll need to renew annually.
But the alternative - paying 30% TDS when you should pay 12.5%, facing uncertainty about your tax obligations, or losing money to unnecessary double taxation - costs far more.
At Belong, we're passionate about helping NRIs build wealth smartly. Whether through tax-efficient GIFT City investments, clear guidance on NRI taxation, or tools that simplify complex decisions, we're here for you.
Your TRC is just the beginning. What you do with the tax savings, how you invest for the future, and how you plan your eventual return to India - that's where the real wealth building happens.
Ready to take control?
Start by applying for your UAE TRC today. Then explore how Belong can help you make the most of your NRI financial journey.
Sources
- Federal Tax Authority UAE - Tax Residency Certificates
- ClearTax UAE - Tax Residency Certificate in UAE
- EY Global - UAE Tax Residency Guidelines
- KPMG UAE - Tax Residency Certificate Guide
- Tulpar Tax - TRC Application Guide 2025
- ClearTax India - India-UAE DTAA
- ICICI Bank - How NRIs Can Claim DTAA Benefits
- UAE Ministry of Finance - Double Taxation Agreements
- Prime Wealth - India-UAE DTAA Guide for NRIs 2025
- Shuraa Tax - Tax Residency Certificate UAE